Scope and Prospects

Mechanical Engineering : Scope, Career Prospects, Demand

Mechanical Engineering finds application in all fields of technology. It is one of the primitive branches of Engineering which have remained always in demand and continue to be in the future. This is why Mechanical trade is called as an Evergreen trade (branch). Mechanical engineers have always been needed as an essential staff personnel in various industries of both public and private sector. Their work criteria changes according to the type and domain of the company they are working with.As the Industrial sector has drastically risen in pace, the need for more mechanical engineers has increased exponentially. Every manufacturing and production industry needs mechanical engineers to carry out jobs efficiently and flawlessly for their companies. 

Working Domain of Mechanical Engineers: 

As the Working criteria of a mechanical Engineer changes according to the type and domain of the company they are working with and field of specialisation we can broadly say that a mechanical Engineer works how to Design and control a system that goes into the process of manufacturing the machinery and product. He tests new systems for feasibility and efficiency and carries out Quality management and improvement process.
Mechanical engineers  work in the automotive, aerospace, chemical, computer, communication, paper, and power generation  industries.
Mechanical engineers will be found in virtually any manufacturing industry. Increasingly, mechanical engineers are needed in the environmental and bio-medical fields. Indeed virtually every product or service in modern life has probably been touched in some way by a mechanical engineer.
 
What is there to study:

Mechanical Engineers have to study a whole lot of physics, Engineering drawing, machine drawing and many more concepts such as

• Statics
• Dynamics
• Kinematics
• Strength of Materials
• Materials Science
• Theory of Machines
• Thermodynamics
• Fluid Mechanics
• Heat Transfer
• Manufacturing
• Machine Design
• Electrical Circuits
• Laboratory Methods
• Vibrations
• Engineering Economics
• Metallurgy
• Manufacturing Process.
• Computer Aided Design/ Drafting (CAD)
• Automobile Engineering
• Industrial Automation and
  Robotics

Pay Scale: 
Although Pay Scales are dependent on the type of organization you are selected in. A small and medium industries or companies hire Mechanical Engineers starting Rs 15,000/- to 20,000/- per month. Large companies such as L&T and several other MNCs give a package of Rs 15000/- to Rs 35000/- per month to fresh Mechanical graduates. 

Career Scope and Placement Prospects: 

It has a tremendous scope in automobile engineering, cement industry, steel, power sector, Hydraulics, Manufacturing plants, Drilling and mining Industry, Petroleum, Aeronautical, Biotechnology and many more. With its wide scope of application, mechanical engineers remain always in demand, no matter which part of the world. You can also find job very easily in the following public sector industries such as Indian Railways, Indian Air force (Technical), Indian Army, Thermal power corporations etc…

Electronics and Communication (EC): Scope, Job Outlook

Electronics and Communication Engineering and today’s world:

Electronics, particularly computer usage coupled with recent space age, endeavours has by this time already crept into every sphere of human activities. Every industry, institution & organization feels the need of an Electronics Engineer and a Computer specialist.
Today’s world is very much for and of the Electronics & Communication Engineers. Advanced countries in the world have gone to such depths of Electronics today that an Electronics Engineer is indispensable in every front. Opportunity in this highly sophisticated and advanced branch of engineering is just immense.
Electronics is now a part of our every day life, from your pocket FM radio to televisions, computers, mobile phones and even the high-end satellites that process and sends images.

Career prospects

Today, technology is growing at a rapid pace. In the coming future there is bound to be huge demand for competent engineers in electronic industry to cope this demand in technology. These engineers would be involved in creating and sustaining cutting edge technology to stay ahead in competition.
An electronic engineer can find job in Consumer electronics manufacturing organisation, Telecommunication industry, IT industries, Health care equipment manufacturing industry, Mobile communication, Internet technologies, Power Electronics, and Other industries like steel, petroleum and chemical industry, directing control and testing production process. 

Electrical technicians and technologists can specialize in technical sales, product representation, systems management, the design and manufacture of electronic devices and systems, or the installation, maintenance and repair of electronic systems and equipment.
They may also work with computers and electronic equipment in the medical, manufacturing, industrial control, telecommunications, aeronautical and military fields.

Working Conditions

Electronics and communication engineering graduates can work for electrical utilities, communications companies, manufacturers, the military, government, or in the processing and transportation industries. They are also extensively involved in the manufacturing of electronic gadgets and devices. The work of an electronic engineer is varied and depends upon the industry they are working in.

Job Outlook 

There are plenty of jobs for skilled electrical and electronics technicians with postsecondary qualifications. But the job is becoming more competitive and there are not so many jobs for people with lesser skills. Technology is improving productivity for many of these jobs and thus holding down job growth.
An electronics engineer can get a job in Central Government, State Governments and their sponsored corporations in public enterprises and the private organizations like All India Radio, Indian Telephone Industries, MTNL, National Physical Laboratories, AIR, Civil Aviation Department; Post and Telegraph Department; Co-ordination Department, National Physical Laboratory, Bharat Electronics Limited, Development Centers in various States etc.  dealing in manufacture, sales and services of electronics consumer goods and appliances.
Electronics engineers are also absorbed into the entertainment transmission industry, research establishments, and defense. They can also take up teaching and research in one of the many engineering colleges in India or abroad.

Course Content:

• Maths
• Circuits
• Digital design
• Control system
• Network Analysis & Synthesis
• Electronics Devices & Analog ICs
• Microprocessor systems
• Signals and systems
• Electronic Measurement & Instrumentation
• Applied Electronics
• Digital Electronics
• Electromagnetic Field Theory
• Linear Control Systems
• Virtual Instrumentation &Data Acquisition
• Micro Processors & its applications
• Total Quality Management
• Process Dynamics & Control
• Programmable Logic Controllers & Applications
• Computer Control of Industrial Process

and many more…

Placement and Pay scale of Electronics and Communication Engineers: 

Electronics and Communication Engineers usually get handsome salaries after some experience in related fields. Starters can get anywhere between Rs. 20,000/- to Rs.35,000/- per month depending upon their skill and the company they are employed in.

 

Civil Engineering: Options and Job aspects

Civil Engineering is one of the primitive engineering fields which involves projecting, scheming and implementing structural bodies. The actual working domain includes a variety of engineering jobs right from designing, supervision and construction activities of public works like roads and  bridges to tunnels, research laboratories, aerodromes, dams, water works, sewage systems, harbours etc.
A good Civil engineer must have a strong engineering knowledge combined with excellent supervisory and administrative skills. The planning part of their work involves site investigation, feasibility studies, creating solutions to complications that may occur and the actual designing of structures. 

Working domain:

Most of the times, civil engineers work in teams or in coordination with many other engineers. They can find work as a supervisor of a construction site or a managerial position or in design, research as well as teaching in government services or private concerns. They can also work as independent consultants.
A qualified civil engineer becomes successful in his department and field only through active practical experience. Put differently, a civil engineer typically starts starts his career from right at the bottom with roles as modest as a Site Engineer at the building project site.
The hands-on field exposure outfits a civil engineer so that he can work and undertake assume more important and crucial duties, such as management of more than one project sites and handling complex projects as Senior Engineer.
The scope of responsibilities also expands to include cost approximation and total project superintendence paying details to time at work  division between office and project sites. 

Job Profile: 

The job of a Civil Engineer is to supervise  all activities on a construction site including interactions with architects, draftsmen  and building contractors working on the project. Typical site management activities include liaising with contractors, managing labour issues, managing stocks and supplies and ensuring work is progressing to plan and schedule. The site engineer is responsible for implementing quality control processes and ensuring safety best practices at the project site. 

What is there to study: 


Typically, a Civil Engineer has to study the following subjects.

• Computer Aided Design
• Structures
• Foundation
• Construction
• Environment
• Irrigation
• Hydraulics
• Surveying
• Soil analysis
• Cost and works management
• Basic Surveying
• Theory Of Elasticity And Plasticity
• Advanced Foundation Design
• Fluvial Hydraulic and Ground Water Modelling
• Plastic Design Of Steel Structures
• Transportation System Planning and many more…

Career Scope: 

Qualified Civil Engineers are always sought after and have a brilliant scope no matter what is the situation of the market. The country is developing fast and it needs infrastructures to sustain this development, which require qualified civil engineers to build them.
Civil engineering is all about designing, constructing and supervising new and old structures, and as far as human society exists, construction of new buildings, transportation and even sewerage work will exist forever.

Placement Prospects:  

You can find job in construction companies, private consulting firms,Government departments, private and public sector industry, research institutes, railways, military, engineering services, consultancy services
etc…

Pay Scale: 

Civil engineers start at a lower compensation package at entry level compared to their colleagues from other streams, even 2-3 years of specialized experience in the construction management space automatically increase their value in the market.
Starting salary of a civil engineer is around 15000 to 20,000 per month but After 2-3 years of field experience they get around 40,000/- per month

Electrical Engineering: Scope and Career Prospects

Electrical Engineering as a subject: 

Electrical engineering  is one of the core fields of engineering, so it is always evergreen in terms of Scope and Job Prospects. Electrical Engineering is the heart of whole engineering discipline and therefore it scope will never fade even many years from now. Nowadays, we see  Electronics playing an important role in the implementation and control of Electrical Machines. Keeping this fact file in mind the course have transformed from core electrical Engineering into a Fusion of Electronics and Electrical and has been renamed as Electronics and Electrical engineering or simply EEE.

What will you learn:

Electricity has become the basic need for survival, globally. From household to industrial plants, communication and satellite navigation system, electronic equipment, computers etc., all require electricity.
Electrical engineering thus deals with study and application of electrical systems for use in these different environments. It equips you with the knowledge of transmission and generation of electrical power, electrical circuit design, electronics, instrumentation, control system, understanding electrical and electronic networks etc.
The course also covers the study of electronic devices and circuits involved in measurement, instrumentation, control and protection of electrical equipments and conversion systems. Concept of computer and recent applications of computer based systems in design, analysis and efficient operation of power system, maintaining quality and security, also included in the course. 

Course Content:

In Electrical Engineering you will get the knowledge of different subjects such as:
Mathematics, Physics 
Electronics
Thermodynamics
Electrical machines and design
Digital Electronics
Electrical Engg. Materials
Linear Control Systems
Instrumentation
Electrical network and communication systems
Power and control systems
Computer Aided Power System Analysis
Non-linear and Digital Control Systems
Extra High Voltage Engg.
Communication Engg.
Electrical Machine Design
Electric Drives & Utilization
Power Electronics
Numerical Analysis
Microprocessors and
Interfacing
E.M. Field Theory
and many more…


Who Should Join 

Students having strong logical and analytical skills along with the capability to capture new things and attention to detail always do well in this field. A Successful  Electrical Engineer must mould his methodologies as well as his technologies according to the changing technological scenario of the current Market.

Career Scope an Placement Prospects:
 
Electrical Engineers are needed in all manufacturing units, All major companies of public and private sector such as Electricity Boards, Large Scale Industries, Manufacturing Plants, Power Corporations, Hydro-Electricity sector are continuously in need of Electrical Engineers for their projects. Electrical Engineers also find job prospects in Design Industries, Production plants, Natural gas plants, Petroleum as well as in steel and chemical plants. Many premier Educational and Research Institutions regularly intake electrical engineers as graduate Engineer trainees and Management Trainees to work on research projects.
Electrical Engineers can also get a job in Major players in Public Sector such as Indian Railways, Armed forces(Technical Branch) and also in Thermal and Nuclear power Corporation Limited.

Placement and Pay scale of Electrical Engineers:

Electrical Engineers usually get handsome salaries after some experience in related fields. Starters can get anywhere between Rs. 15,000/- to Rs.30,000/- per month.

Computer Science and IT: Scope and Prospects

Computer Science as a Subject:

Computer Science has been rising as a subject of interest, career and also as a necessity. The main reason being the advent of technology because of which the use of computers becoming more and more these days. As computers are being used in every department and domain now, Computer engineers will continuously be sought after for maintenance and innovation pertaining to those computer enabled services.
India has emerged as a major IT hub turning out as a computer and technology reservoir for many top class IT companies. This is why a majority of IT enabled work is done by the Indians. Companies have to put up their development units and delivered projects, due to the low cost involved.

Who Should join

Computer engineering deals with the design of computer systems, networks, hardware and software development, multimedia, data structures, graphics etc., If you love computing and have a penchant to learn and work on new and exiting technologies, engineering in computer science is your right choice.

Nature of the work

You would be involved in the design and development of computer systems, networking technologies, design data structures, creating graphical animations etc., In short, computer science and engineering study would equip you the knowledge to develop futuristic technologies. You would be involved in the hardware and software technologies, from developing new advanced chips and circuits to completely designing a new programme for easy computing and storage of data.

Scope 

Computer engineers though are mostly involved in IT industries, they are gaining more demand in other industries viz.,
bank, airlines, public utilities, manufacturing sector etc., as these industry are becoming more technology oriented and computerised.
Computing professionals might find themselves in a variety of environments in academics, research, industry, government, private and business organizations — analyzing problems for solutions, formulating and testing, using advanced communications or multi-media equipment, or working in teams for product development. Here’s a short list of research and vocational areas in computing.

1. Artificial Intelligence — Develop computers that simulate human learning and reasoning ability.
2. Computer Design and Engineering — Design new computer circuits, microchips, and other electronic components.
3. Computer Architecture — Design new computer instruction sets, and combine electronic or optical components to provide powerful but cost-effective computing.
4. Information Technology — Develop and manage information systems that support a business or organization.
5. Software Engineering — Develop methods for the production of software systems on time, within budget, and with few or no defects.
6. Computer Theory — Investigate the fundamental theories of how computers solve problems, and apply the results to other areas of computer science.
7. Operating Systems and Networks — Develop the basic software computers use to supervise themselves or to communicate with other computers.
8. Software Applications — Apply computing and technology to solving problems outside the computer field – in education or medicine, for example.

Placement and Pay: 

Generally, the starting salaries are on the higher side for computer engineering graduates as compared to other branches. However, it depends on your institutional background, grades obtained and the work experience you have gained during your studies.
Starters can get a pay of about 15000/- to 20000 per month.
 
Some of the Subjects You will be studying include
Computer Organization
Digital Circuits and Logic Design
Data Structure and Programming Methodology
Operating Systems
Discrete Mathematics
Database Management System
Web Administration
Computer Networks
Programming Languages
Software Engineering
Artificial Intelligence
Digital signal processing.
Algorithms
Real Time Expert Systems
System Programming
Internet Technologies
And much more…

Chemical Engineering: Scope and Job prospects

Chemical engineering is about applying chemical principles to solve problems involving the production and use of chemicals and bio chemicals. It combines knowledge of Chemistry and Engineering for the production of chemicals and related by-products.

Working Environment 

Most chemical engineers work in manufacturing industries, in research and development labs, productions plants, or management. Some provide engineering services as consultants in research and testing, design, or policy. The environment and hours that they work varies with the industry and kind of job.
Chemical engineers also work in a variety of manufacturing industries other than chemical manufacturing, such as those producing energy, electronics, food, clothing, and paper. They also work in health care, biotechnology, and business services. Chemical engineers apply principles of physics, mathematics, and mechanical and electrical engineering, as well as chemistry. Some may specialize in a particular chemical process, such as oxidation or polymerization. Others specialize in a particular field, such as nanomaterials, or in the development of specific products.

Job profile: 

Jobs for chemical engineering graduates will be available in mineral-based industries, petrochemical plants, synthetic fibre units and even in petroleum refining plants. You can find employment opportunities with chemical industries, refineries, manufacturers of acids, medicines, varnishes, paints, fertilisers, etc.
Public sector organisations and private companies dealing in pharmaceuticals, synthetic fibres, textiles, plastics, explosives, etc. also recruit chemical engineers.
You can even join research organisations and laboratories as technical experts on engineering projects.


What is there to study:

Typically a chemical Engineer has to study the following subjects.

• Mathematics
• Engineering Chemistry
• Chemical Process Principles
• Inorganic and Physical Chemistry
• Organic Chemistry
• Transport Phenomena
• Process Dynamics and Control
• Mass Transfer Operations II
• Chemical Technology
• Heat & Mass Transfer
• Particle Technology Laboratory
• Economics and Management of Chemical Industries
• Environmental Engineering
• Biochemical Engineering
• CAD in Chemical Engg.
• Safety in Chemical Plants
• Thermodynamics
• Measurements and controls
• Chemical process and plant designs
• Food Chemistry
• Dairy Chemistry & Microbiology

and many more…

Scope and job prospects:

Chemical engineers are expected to have employment growth of 8 percent over the projections decade, about as fast as the average for all occupations. Although overall employment in the chemical manufacturing industry is expected to decline, chemical companies will continue to research and develop new chemicals and more efficient processes to increase output of existing chemicals.
Among manufacturing industries, pharmaceuticals may provide the best opportunities for jobseekers. However, most employment growth for chemical engineers will be in service-providing industries such as professional, scientific, and technical services, particularly for research in energy and the developing fields of biotechnology and nanotechnology.

PayScale:

Due to rapid industrialisation, chemical engineers have gained a position among the top money makers. The earnings depend on the industries employing chemical engineers such as Central or State government departments or private concerns.
Working experience, qualifications, ability are important factors in determining the pay level. Those who are working in the private sector are well paid.
Fresher’s can get a starting salary of Rs. 10000 to Rs. 12000 per month. In the government sector, the salary range of diploma holders is Rs. 5,000 to Rs. 9,000 per month. Lecturers in colleges get a starting salary of Rs 12,000-Rs 13,000 a month. With more experience or as an established independent consultant one could earn more.
Senior engineers can earn anywhere in between Rs 30,000 and Rs 50,000 a month. Those at management levels can earn up to Rs 60,000 or even more.

Aeronautical Engineering: Scope, jobs, prospects, Skills required

Aeronautical engineering is one of the most popular career option for those students who want to make their career into airplanes, space shuttles, jumbo jets and other similar exciting stuff. Aeronautical engineering deals with all the technical details and mechanisms behind all flying bodies.  Nowadays, Aeronautical engineers are needed in all sorts of areas such as Aircraft manufacturing units, space stations and many more important places.
Aeronautical engineering degree helps you equip knowledge on the complex design and development of these high flying machines.    
It deals with the aerodynamic and mechanical aspects of these machines and systems.

This field also deals with navigation systems, radars and other communication networks. 

What would you do as an Aeronautical Engineer? 


Aeronautical engineers work in aircraft manufacturing units, space stations etc.., and their work majorly involves-
design and development of aircraft parts,testing new aerodynamic and aviation systems, quality management and improvement
maintenance. Aeronautical engineers utilize their technical know-how in designing high end vehicles for automobile industry, locomotives (super fast trains / sky buses) and swift water transportations (speed boats, hover-crafts etc.,).
Aeronautical engineers are also involved in huge super mega structures (sky-scrapers) that have to withstand changing air pressure at high altitudes.

Career prospects

With every day new air routes being connected the airline industry needs qualified technical engineers to develop and maintain their growing fleet of aircrafts.
With the country on the top radar of satellite technology, aviation engineers are in demand to meet this state of the art technological field with increase usage of navigation systems etc.,
Opportunities are open for students in top international aviation companies – government and private airlines, and organizations involved in military and space programs like IAF, ISRO and NASA etc.,
Aeronautical engineering students can find jobs in –
Aviation industry (private and public airlines)
Satellite and Space research organizations (ISRO, NASA etc.,)
Defence (Military – Air Force)
Automobile and fast-moving locomotive industries

Skillset required

This field of engineering is technically demanding and challenging.
Along with strong mathematical base, student should also have a creative and analytical mind.
Students are also required to be physically fit, esp. who opt to work for defence.
All the basic skills required for a successful engineer is discussed in the main article (see here).

Topics covered in your curriculum?

Aeronautical engineering curriculum covers the following major topics:-

• Mathematics
• Fluids and solids
• Thermodynamics
• Avionics
• Aerodynamics
• Control  systems

Eligibility, Entrance Exams and Institutes

The minimum requirement to become an aeronautical engineer is a bachelor’s degree or a diploma in aeronautical engineering.
Optionally, students can take up any of the following engineering field and choose aeronautics as their specialization for their masters / higher studies.
Mechanical engineering (highly recommended)
Electronics engineering
Electrical engineering
Alternatively students can also opt for AMAESI / AeSI (The Associate Membership examination of the Aeronautical Society of India). This four year course, recognized by the Government of India, is equivalent to Bachelor’s Engineering Degree (B.E.). For more information go to www.aesi.com

Advise

Since this field emphasizes a lot on creativity, a sound academic background coupled with a passion to learn and pursue this highly technical field of engineering, will result in you achieving great success in your career.
So aeronautical engineering will certainly be a promising career option as  btech branch if you have that flair for Flying, Flights and Flying machines.